Hordenine information

hordenine powder

Hordenine is a supplement that is mainly used for its stimulant effects. It is increasingly being added to supplements for its potential improvements in athletic performance and weight loss. Users also often see it as a nootropic due to the reported possibility to increase mood, motivation and energy.

Hordenine is also known as:
N,N-dimethyltyramine
Peyocactin
Anhaline
Cactine
Ordenine
Eremursin

Functions of Hordenine

Can increase energy and motivation
Hordenine can act as a mild MAO-B inhibitor [1]. Due to this, active substances like noradrenaline, are metabolized less quickly [2]. This can enhance the effects and duration of these active substances [2]. Besides this, it may also stimulate the release of noradrenaline. Due to these effects, users can experience an increase in energy, motivation and blood flow to the muscles. However, it is important to note that a large amount of hordenine may temporarily increase heart rate and blood pressure [3]. This is not surprising, since research shows that an increase in noradrenaline may result in these effects.

Can help with burning fat
Hordenine is structurally similar to other stimulants, such as synephrine. Due to this, it is not surprising that it may also have fat burning properties like Synephrine. One study has already established that fatburners containing hordenine may indeed aid in fat loss. However, this study has only included one fatburner which contained hordenine, but also other ingredients [4].

Positive effect on mood
Since hordenine is a MAO-B inhibitor, it may also have a positive effect on our mood. This is possible since MAOIs are able to increase the levels of dopamine in our brain [5].

Other Functions
Hordenine may also have some other positive effects. For example, it may be able to protect our brain. This is possible since MAO-B inhibitors have neuroprotective effects, which are especially important when our brain is experiencing stressful conditions [6]. Additionally, it may help to prevent kidney damage by reducing tissue scar, inflammation, and oxidative damage [7].

Who can use Hordenine ?

Hordenine is mainly used by people who want to improve their sports performance by improving energy, motivation and blood flow to the muscles. It is also used by people who want to improve their metabolism and fatburning. Furthermore, it is also used by people who want to extent the effects of other active substances, since hordenine can enhance the duration. However, it should not be used by people with high blood pressure or heart problems. This is important since large amounts of hordenine may temporarily increase heart rate and blood pressure [3].

How should I use Hordenine ?

Based on current knowledge and user feedback, it is recommended to use between 25mg – 75mg per day. As a performance booster, it is recommended to use 50mg approximately 15-60 minutes before a training. As a fatburner, 25mg can be consumed 2-3 times spread throughout the day. One level scoop contains ~50mg of hordenine.

How does this supplement work ?

The main effects of hordenine are possible since it is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO-B) [1]. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme which is known for breaking down neurotransmitters like dopamine and noradrenaline. By inhibiting MAO, hordenine can increase the overall levels of these neurotransmitters [2]. It is often assumed that this results in the increased energy, mood, motivation and other effects.

Stacking / combining

Hordenine is often combined with other supplements. This is not surprising, since it can be combined very well. Many people choose to combine it with other pre-workouts or fatburners. But, it also often combined with other products like Phenylethylamine (PEA). These combinations are often made, since hordenine can extent the effects of these products [1][2]. This is possible because hordenine ensures that other active substances are metabolized less quickly by our body [1][2].

Where does Hordenine come from ?

Hordenine can be found in a variety of plants and products. It is currently known that it can be found in: barley, bitter orange, algae, cacti, and some grass species [8][9][10]. Since it is found in barley, it can also be used to measure beer consumption [11]. This is possible since the hordenine level in our blood can increase after beer consumption [11].

Safety & competitive use

Safety
As mentioned before, hordenine can be found in a variety of products, including beer. Therefore, it is often assumed it is safe. However, there is still a lack of data on the effects of Hordenine supplements in humans. Currently, it is known that it may temporarily increase heart rate and blood pressure [12]. Due to this, this product should not be used by people who have high blood pressure or heart problems.

Competitive use
Hordenine is currently legal in almost every country. However, the use is no longer allowed by some sports associations due to the benefits. If you participate in professional sports competitions, we recommend that you check with the relevant sports association whether the use of this product is allowed. Furthermore, large amounts may also cause a false positive for Morphine and related structures [13].

Correct use
A dietary supplement can contribute to a healthy and active lifestyle. However, it should not be a substitute for a healthy lifestyle and a varied diet. The recommended dosage should not be exceeded, since side effects may occur otherwise. Temporary side effects of Hordenine can include: higher heart rate and higher blood pressure. In rare cases, these side effects can also occur with normal doses. If side effects occur, consumption should be discontinued.
As with any supplement, we advise users to consult a physician before use. In particular if you use medication or have health complaints. This product should not be used by people which have high blood pressure or heart problems. In addition, this supplement should not be used by women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Furthermore, this product should not be used by persons under 18 years of age and must be kept out of the reach of children. Keep this product in a cool and dry place to maintain the quality.

References

  1. Barwell, C. J., Basma, A. N., Lafi, M. A. K., & Leake, L. D. (1989). Deamination of hordenine by monoamine oxidase and its action on vasa deferentia of the rat. Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 41(6), 421-423.
  2. Shih, J. C., Chen, K., & Ridd, M. J. (1999). Role of MAO A and B in neurotransmitter metabolism and behavior. Polish journal of pharmacology, 51(1), 25-29.
  3. Hapke, H. J., & Strathmann, W. (1995). Pharmacological effects of hordenine. DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 102(6), 228-232.
  4. Bloomer, R. J., Fisher-Wellman, K. H., Hammond, K. G., Schilling, B. K., Weber, A. A., & Cole, B. J. (2009). Dietary supplement increases plasma norepinephrine, lipolysis, and metabolic rate in resistance trained men. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 6(1), 1-9.
  5. Fišar, Z., Hroudová, J., & Raboch, J. (2010). Inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity by antidepressants and mood stabilizers. Neuroendocrinology letters, 31(5), 645.
  6. Kong, P., Zhang, B., Lei, P., Kong, X., Zhang, S., Li, D., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Neuroprotection of MAO-B inhibitor and dopamine agonist in Parkinson disease. International journal of clinical and experimental medicine, 8(1), 431.
  7. Su, S., Cao, M., Wu, G., Long, Z., Cheng, X., Fan, J., … & Wang, X. (2018). Hordenine protects against hyperglycemia-associated renal complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 104, 315-324.
  8. Pellati, F., & Benvenuti, S. (2007). Chromatographic and electrophoretic methods for the analysis of phenetylamine alkaloids in Citrus aurantium. Journal of Chromatography A, 1161(1-2), 71-88.
  9. Mangino, M. M., & Scanlan, R. A. (1984). Rapid formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine from gramine, a naturally occurring precursor in barley malt. IARC scientific publications, (57), 337-346.
  10. Wainwright, T., Slack, P. T., & Long, D. E. (1982). N-nitrosodimethylamine precursors in malt. IARC scientific publications, (41), 71-80.
  11. Steiner, I., Brauers, G., Temme, O., & Daldrup, T. (2016). A sensitive method for the determination of hordenine in human serum by ESI+ UPLC-MS/MS for forensic toxicological applications. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 408(9), 2285-2292.
  12. Schweitzer, A., & Wright, S. (1938). Action of hordenine compounds on the central nervous system. The Journal of physiology, 92(4), 422.
  13. Singh, A. K., Granley, K., Misrha, U., Naeem, K., White, T., & Jiang, Y. (1992). Screening and confirmation of drugs in urine: interference of hordenine with the immunoassays and thin layer chromatography methods. Forensic science international, 54(1), 9-22.

Author

Mario Klasens Author XBR